Hand and power apparatus



J. BOLSEY ETAL 2,698,546

HAND AND POWER APPARATUS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 v Jan. 4, 1955 Filed March 18, 1952 4 4 6 7 w 4, +2 v v v V Y ,i 2 f g 5 4 g 4 s n ,0 3 3 4 3 A 0% 5 w 2 I E f M f 2 z 0 MW 2 7 MW w 7 w w 6 5 5 3 z 4 3 u 4 a 3 5 W 3 2 41 My INVENT ORJ V0699 BY QQedM, Wai

g e-WWW V. K14

Jan. 4, 1955 J. BOLSEY EI'AL HAND AND POWER APPARATUS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 18, 1952 INVENTORS I (f, NW2; M Pm aw. @vwz M a H 9 W A. n u 2 a MM h Q i 7 9 3 F a a 8 3 3 MW F I. 7 0 WM 6 9 Mm 7 f 7 W 8 1 a E. 0 a; "Fm 6 w ///7/// Krill/71w Q m w 6 United States Patent HAND AND POWER APPARATUS Jacques Bolsey, New York, Robert V. Nicolosi, South Ozone Park, and Paul J. M. Richartz, Levittown, N. Y.; said Nicolosi and said Richartz assignors to said Bolsey Application March 18, 1952, Serial No. 277,328

8 Claims. (Cl. 74-625) The present invention relates to cinematographic apparatus.

Such an apparatus may be driven by a power means or by hand.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a power driven apparatus of the above type which may optionally be driven manually.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a novel means for automatically disconnecting the power supply from the cinematographic apparatus when the manual operating means is actuated.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a means for automatically interconnecting a crank driven shaft with parts of the apparatus which are normally power driven.

An additional object of the present invention is to provide an automatic means for disconnecting and connecting all the necessary parts of the apparatus upon a single operation of a hand crank.

Under normal circumstances, a cinematographic apparatus may be power driven to take pictures. However, the need sometimes arises to manually operate the apparatus, and this invention provides a convenient and simple means for carrying out this manual operation. This need for manual operation may arise, for example, during a breakdown of the power supply, or when it is desired to produce fade-ins and fade-outs.

With the above objects in view the present invention mainly consists of a cinematographic apparatus having a power means and a transmission means associated with the power means to transmit the drive from the latter to various parts of the apparatus. The apparatus includes a coupling means for connecting and disconnecting the power means from the transmission means and a crank means for manually operating the apparatus.

Associated with the crank means is a control means for automatically moving the coupling means to the position where the power means is disconnected and for automatically and simultaneously connecting the crank means to the transmission means upon movement of the crank means.

The novel features which are considered as characteristic for the invention are set forth in particularin the appended claims. The invention itself, however, both as to its construction and its method of operation, together with additional objects and advantages thereof, will be best understood from the following description of specific embodiments when read in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. l is a fragmentary sectional view illustrating one possible apparatus for carrying out the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 22 of Fig. l in the direction of the arrows and showing further parts of the apparatus associated with the structure illustrated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a top fragmentary plan view of the uppermost part of the structure shown in Fig. l; and

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 of Fig. l in the direction of the arrows.

in the drawings and description which follows, only sufficient structure is shown to afford a complete understanding of the invention. It is to be understood that the parts described and illustrated in this application are associated with other parts of a cinematographic apparatus. For example. the power and transmission means described below drive such parts of the cinematographic apparatus as the shutter and film, these latter features not being illustrated or described since they are not essential to an understanding of the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings, there is illustrated therein the outer side wall 10 of a part of a cinematographic apparatus. Spaced from and parallel to the wall 10 is a wall 11 which is located inside the apparatus and which forms a support for various parts thereof. Fixedly mounted on the support 11 is a cylindrical rod 12, this rod being fixedly mounted by any suitable means such as the screw member 13. This rod member 12 has an upper end of reduced cross-section located within an axial bore 14 of the shaft 15 so that the latter is mounted for free rotation on the rod 12 coaxially therewith and about the axis of shaft 15. This shaft 15 has an upper end portion 16 of a noncircular cross-section. this cross-section being most clearly illustrated in Fig. 3. A hand crank 17 is pivotally connected at a bifurcated end 18 thereof to the end 16 of shaft 15 by means of the pivot pin 19 which extends in a direction normal to the axis of shaft 15.

The end portion 16 of shaft 15 is formed with a pair of opposite grooves 20 which are located in a plane normal to the axis of shaft 15, and it will be noted that one side face 21 of crank 17 is located in the plane of the grooves 20 when the crank 17 is in the inoperative position illustrated in Fig. 1. This crank 17 is adapted to be turned about pin 19 through 180 to an operative position, and in this latter position the side face 22 of crank 17 is located in the plane of the grooves 20, these oppo site side faces 21 and 22 of crank 17 being equidistant from pin 19. The crank 17 is also provided with an end face 23 which forms a corner 24 with the side face 21.

A stationary wall 25 is located in the apparatus between walls 10 and 11 and is parallel thereto, this wall being formed with a bore to receive the bushing 26 which guides the shaft 15 for rotation about its axis. The lower end of shaft 15 is provided with a flange 27 which forms a lateral projection of shaft 15, and between the parts 26 and 27 there is located a spacer sleeve 28.

The wall 10 is provided with a bore which rotatably supports the control ring 29, this control ring 29 being connected by the screw 30 to the cams 31 and 32 which are located in the space between walls 10 and 25 and which rotate about the axis of shaft 15 and with respect to the shaft-15, these cams 31 and 32 also serving to maintain the ring 29 in position on the outer side wall 10.

The ring 29 is formed in its upper face with a pair of opposite grooves 33 (Fig. 3), and the lower surface 34 of ring 29 is formed with an arcuate groove 35 which has the axis of shaft 15 as its center. As is apparent from Fig. 4 this arcuate groove does not extend completely about the axis of shaft 15 and in the particular example illustrated extends only through about 180. The end 36 of groove 35 merges into the surface 34, and the depth of groove 35 gradually increases from end 36 to end 37, this latter end 37 being in the form of a wall substantially parallel to the axis of shaft 15.

Mounted on the control ring 29 is a resilient plate member 38, this plate member having a pair of opposite end portions respectively located in the grooves 33. Plate 38 is formed with a non-circular central aperture 39 through which the end 16 of shaft 15 extends. this noncircular aperture 39 having a shape corresponding to the cross-section of portion 16 of shaft 15. The smallest dimension of the aperture 39 is lar er than the largest dimension of the cross-section of shaft 15 located between the ooposite grooves 20. As is apparent from Fig. l, the resilient plate 38 presses against the side 21 of crank 17 and the aperture 39 of plate 38 is thereby maintained in the plane of groove 20.

The side wall 10 of the cinematographic apparatus is formed with a bore 40 to receive the handle 41 of crank 17 when the latter is in its inoperative position shown in Fig. l, and the plate 38 is formed with a notch 42 (Fig. 3) in the outer surface thereof to receive the corner 24 of crank 17, the latter being provided with a curved end 43 by which the crank may conveniently be moved by the operator from the position shown in Fig. 1 so that corner 24 of the crank may be located in notch 42.

A gear 44, forming part of the transmission means of the cinematographic apparatus, is mounted for rotation on the rod 12 and is located adjacent to the wall 11. A pin is fixed to the gear 44, and a pin 46 is fixed to the lateral projection 27 of shaft 15. Mounted on the rod 12 for free movement therealong is a clutch member 47 which is located between the flange 27 and gear 44, this clutch 47 having a length which is greater than the distance between pins 46 and 45. The clutch 47 is formed with an opening 48 in which the pin 45 is located and with an opening 49 facing the flange 27 and adapted to receive the pin 46. This clutch 47 is also formed with an outer, annular groove 50.

bar member 51 is fixedly mounted on the support 11 and extends from the latter toward the wall 10, this bar 51 being formed with a bore 52 in which a coil spring 53 is located and, in the particular example illustrated in Fig. 1, being provided with a cut out 54 to permit free rotation of gear 44. Mounted on the bar 51 for free sliding movement therealong is an elongated clutch actuating member 55 against which the spring 53 bears, this clutch actuating member 55 being provided with a lateral extension in the form of a flange 56 which extends into the annular groove of clutch 47. The rounded end 57 of actuating member is located against the surface 34 of control ring 29 and is urged against the same by the spring The earns 31 and 32, which are fixed to the ring 29 for independent turning movement therewith by the screw 30, respectively actuate the levers 58 and 59, as is diagrammatically illustrated in Fig. 2. In this latter figure there are shown opposite end walls of the camera which are perpendicular to the side wall 10, shown in Fig. 1. To the left end wall 60, shown in Fig. 2, there is removably connected a power supply unit 61 which is diagrammatically shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2. This power unit may, for example, be a spring motor, or the like. When the power unit 61 is not mounted on the camera, a pawl mechanism (not shown) in the unit 61 prevents the power stored therein from being expended. The camera parts shown in Fig. 2 include a pin member 62 which enters into the power means 61 and releases this pawl mechanism zci that power is free to issue from the power mechanism Also, upon mounting of the power means 61 upon the camera, the clutch member 63 enters into the power means and meshes with a mating clutch member 63 therein to receive power from the power means 61. This clutch member 63 is mounted on the end of a hollow tube 64 which slidably extends through an opening in the wall and which is slidably mounted on the shaft 65 which is supported on suitable bearings (not shown) for rotation about its axis. The tube 64 is formed with a slot 66, and a screw member 67 is mounted on the shaft 65 and is located in the slot 66 to constrain the tube 64 and clutch 7 member 63 to rotate the shaft 65 while being permitted to slide therealong. A spring 68 is located in the tube 64, bears at one end against the clutch member 63 and at its opposite end against the shaft 65 so as to resiliently mount the clutch member 63 for sliding movement along the shaft 65. In this way, the clutch member 63 may be moved against the action of spring 68 if the mating clutch member of the power means 61 does not mesh with the teeth of clutch member 63 when the power means 61 is mounted on the camera. In the latter event, the mating clutch member 63' of the power means 61 will simply rotate slightly when the power is released by pin 62 until it meshes with the teeth of clutch member 63, the latter being urged into meshing engagement by the spring 68. A collar 69 is fixedly mounted on the tube 64 for rotation therewith.

The bell crank lever 58 is pivotally mounted in the camera at 70 and has one end in engagement with the cam 31. The bell crank lever 58 is connected at its opposite end to a spring 71 which maintains the lever 58 in engagement with the cam 31. The lever 58 is pivotally connected to the pin 62 by a pin and slot arrangement at 72 a6n9d carries a pin 73 which is located opposite the col- The power delivered to the shaft 65 is transferred through the gear train 74 to the gear 44 which is shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2. This gear 44 is connected to further power transmission members for transferring power to such parts as the shutter and film driving apparatus, these latter details not being shown or described since they form no part of the present invention. The gear train 74 includes a shaft 75 which has a pin 76 fixedly mounted thereon.

On the end wall 77 of the camera there is mounted a stop and start button mechanism which includes the starting button 78 and the stop button 79, these buttons being pivotally connected to opposite ends, respectively, of a lever 80 which is pivotally mounted at 81. The lever 59 which cooperates with the cam 32 to be operated thereby is pivotally mounted in the camera at 82 and is pivotally connected at one end thereof to the starting button 78. The pivotal connections on the buttons 78 and 79 are loose enough to permit free movement of the parts. This lever 59 is provided with an extension 83 which is located in the path of movement of the pin 76 when the start button 78 is in its off position so as to prevent operation of the parts of the camera by the power means 6%. The button 78 is located in its off position illustrated in Fig. 2 by depression of stop button 79, and in this position of the parts the lever 59 rests against the cam 32.

As is shown in Fig. 2, the cam 32 is provided with a lateral extension 84 (not shown in Fig. 1), this lateral extension being provided with a groove 85, and the lever 59 is provided with a pin 86 which is adapted to be engaged by the groove 85.

The above described structure operates as follows:

Assuming that all of the parts are in the rest position with the power means 61 mounted on the camera, this power means may be used to operate the camera simply by depressing the starting button 78 so that it is moved inwardly to its on position. This will cause the lever 59 to turn in a counterclockwise direction about pivot 82, as viewed in Fig. 2, so that extension 83 of lever 59 will no longer prevent turning of pin 76, and in this way the parts of a camera are released to the power mechanism 61 so as to be operated thereby. When it is desired to stop the camera, the stop button 79 is depressed so as to move the starting button 78 to the ofl position illustrated in Fig. 2, and this causes the extension 83 of lever 59 to be located in the path of movement of pin 76 so as to prevent driving of the parts of the camera by the power means 61. Any suitable cushioning or shock absorbing device (not shown in the diagrammatic illustration of Fig. 2) may be provided to cushion the engagement of pin 76 with extension 83. When the parts of the camera are being operated by the power means 61, the gear 44 simply rotates on the stationary rod 12 and the pin 45 of the gear 44 carries the clutch 47 around the rod 12. However, at this time the clutch 47 is not in engagement with the pin 46 so that all parts of the crank mechanism shown in Fig. 1 remain stationary.

Assuming now that the camera has been stopped, as described above, and that it is desired to operate the camera manually by means of the crank 17, the operator grasps the curved end 43 of crank 17 and moves the same away from side wall 10 about the pivot 19. The crank is turned in this way through approximately 45, and during this turning movement the corner 24 of the crank presses against the plate 38 to move the opening 39 thereof out of the plane of grooves 20 and over a portion of the non-circular end 16 of shaft 15 so that the latter must turn with the plate 38. When the crank 17 has been turned through approximately 45, the corner 24 thereof is located in the notch 42 of plate 38, this notch 42 being in alignment with the pivot axis 19. The spring pressure of the resilient plate 38 presses against the corner 24 of crank 17 and with the aid of notch 42 maintains the crank 17 in the above mentioned 45 position. With the parts in this position, the crank is turned in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 4 so that the end 57 of the clutch actuating member 55 starts to move into the arcuate groove 35. The turning of the crank by the operator is continued in this way until the end 57 of clutch actuating member 55 engages the end 37 of groove 35, this engagement preventing further turning of the ring 29, the latter being constrained to turn with the crank 17 and shaft 15 by the plate 38 whose projections are located in the grooves 33 of ring 29 and which is constrained to turn with shaft 15 due to engagement of the opening 39 with the end portion 16 of shaft 15.

This turning of the ring 29 causes the cams 31 and 32 to turn therewith, and the turning of these cams causes a simultaneous turning of the levers 58 and 59. The

lever 58 is turned in a counterclockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 2, by the cam 31, and this causes the pin 73 of lever 58 to engage collar 69 so as to move clutch member 63 against the action of spring 68 toward the shaft 65 so as to disengage clutch member 63 from the power mechanism 61. Also, this turning movement of lever 58 causes the pin 62 to be moved to the right, as viewed in Fig. 2, so as to be adapted to release the abovementioned unillustrated pawl mechanism of the power means 61 to prevent operation of the latter. At the same time, the cam 32 acts on lever 59, through the medium of groove 85 and pin 86, to turn the lever 59 in a counterclockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 2, and this causes the extension 83 of lever 59 to move out of the path of movement of pin 76 so that the parts of the camera are simultaneously released from the power means 61 and freed from engagement between members 76 and 83. This latter movement of lever 59 by cam 32 also causes the button 78 to be automatically moved into its on position.

As is apparent from Fig. 1, the flanged extension 56 of clutch actuating member 55 will move toward the flange extension 27 of shaft under the influence of spring 53 when the end 57 of clutch actuating member 55 moves into the groove 35. As this end 57 moves further into the groove 35 upon continued turning of ring 29, as a result of the inclined base of groove 35, the clutch 47 will be gradually moved toward the extension 27 of flange 15, and, if the opening 49 should happen to be in alignment with the pin 46, the end 57 of clutch actuating member 55 will move all the way into the groove 35 and the clutch 47 will move into the fully engaged position, this clutch 47 being of a greater length than the distance between pins 45 and 46 so as to simultaneously engage these pins. If the pin 46 and opening 49 are not in alignment with each other, the end 57 of clutch actuating member 55 will enter only partially into the groove 35 since the pin 46 will bear against the clutch 47 under the action of spring 53 and will prevent further movement of the clutch actuating member 55. In any event, whether or not the pin 46 is aligned with opening 49, the operator will turn the crank 17 and ring 29 therewith in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 4 until the engagement of end 57 of clutch actuating member 55 and end 37 of groove 35 prevents further turning of the ring 29 and crank 17.

When this point is reached, the operator further turns the crank 17 in a counterclockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 1, until the crank 17 is located at a position 180 from the position shown in Fig. 1. At this time the side face 22 of crank 17 will be located against plate 38, and the latter will have moved, due to its own resiliency, so that the opening 39 thereof is again located in the plane of grooves of shaft 15. In this position of the parts the latter is free to turn without turning the plate 38 and parts connected thereto since the largest dimension of the part of shaft 15 located between grooves 20 is smaller than the smallest dimension of aperture 39. Thus, when the crank 17 has been turned through 180 from the position shown in Fig. 1 to its operating position, the operator simply turns the crank in whichever direction he wishes, and the shaft 15 turns with the crank While the ring 29, plate 38, and earns 31 and 32 remain stationary, this being possible because of the above-described alignment of aperture 39 with the grooves 20.

If the opening 49 of clutch 47 received the pin 46, this turning of the crank will cause a turning movement of gear 44 and the other parts of the camera. If the pin 46 did not happen to be aligned with the opening 49, the turning of shaft 15 by the crank 17 will cause the pin 46 to turn along the clutch 47 until it becomes aligned with the opening 49 at which time the spring v53 will cause the clutch 47 to scribed operations are reversed. The crank is turned back toward the position illustrated in Fig. 1 until it is 45 from the latter position, and it is then turned in a direction opposite to the arrow shown in Fig. 4 so as to cause end 57 of clutch actuating member 55 to be moved out of groove 35 against the action of spring 53. This will cause the clutch 47 to be returned to the inoperative position, shown in Fig. 1, and will also cause the handle 41 of the crank 17 to be located in a position where it will move into the opening 40 of wall 10 when the crank 17 is moved back to the inoperative position illustrated in Fig. 1, and this crank may be so moved when the handle 41 thereof is in this latter position. This latter turning of ring 29 will cause the earns 31 and 32 to return the position shown in Fig. 2 so that the clutch member 63 is again engaged with the power mechanism and the pin 62 releases the abovementioned pawl mechanism of the unit 61.

The cam 32 on turning back to its original position, shown in Fig. 2, moves the lever 59 back to the position shown in Fig. 2 as a result of the engagement of groove with pin 86, so that extension 83 engages pin 76 and the power means 61 is prevented from operating the camera. The button 78 is thus moved to its ofl position. It will be noted that with the position of the parts shown in Fig. 2, pin 86 is located completely out of the groove 85 so that the starting button 78 may be depressed to start the camera. When the stop button is again depressed to stop the camera, the lever 59 is again returned to the position shown in Fig. 2 so that the camera may be operated by hand, as described above, the pin 86 then being in a position to enter the groove 85 of cam 32.

It will be understood that each of the elements described above, or two or more together, may also find a useful application in other types of device for manually operating a power driven cinematographic apparatus differing from the types described above.

While the invention has been illustrated and described as embodied in a device for manually operating a power driven cinematographic apparatus and automatically disconnecting the power drive therefrom, it is not intended to be limited to the details shown, since various modifications and structural changes may be made without departing in any way from the spirit of the present invention.

Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the gist of the present invention that others can by applying current knowledge readily adapt it for various applications without omitting features that, from the standpoint of prior art, fairly constitute essential characteristics of the generic or specific aspects of this invention and, therefore, such adaptations should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalence of the following claims.

What is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

i 1. Cinematographic apparatus, comprising in combinatron, power means; transmission means associated with said power means to transmit the drive from the latter to various parts of the apparatus, said transmission means comprising a shaft and a projection fixed thereto for rotation therewith; coupling means mounted in the apparatus for movement between an operative position where said power means is interconnected with said transmission means and an inoperative position where said power means is disconnected from said transmission means; crank means mounted on the apparatus for manually operating the same; and control means operatively connected to said crank means for automatically moving said coupling means to said inoperative position thereof and for connecting said crank means to said transmission means upon movement of said crank means, said control means comprising a stop member and a motion transmitting means operatively connected to said stop member for moving the same into and out of the path of said projection upon movement of said crank means. 2. cinematographic apparatus, comprising in combinatlon, power means; transmission means associated with said power means to transmit the drive from the latter to various parts of the apparatus, said transmission means comprising a shaft and a projection fixed thereto for rotation therewith; coupling means mounted in the apparatus for movement between an operative position where said power means is interconnected with said transmission means and an inoperative position where said power means is disconnected from said transmission means; crank means mounted on the apparatus for manually operating the same; control means operatively connected to said crank means for automatically moving said coupling means to said inoperative position thereof and for connecting said crank means to said transmission means upon movement of said crank means, said control means comprising a stop member and a motion transmitting means operatively connected to sa1d stop member for moving the same into and out of the path of said projection upon movement of said crank means; and a button mounted on the apparatus for movement between an off position and an on position, said button being operatively connected to said stop member to locate the same in engagement with said projection when said button is in said off position and to locate said stop member out of engagement with said projection when said button is in said on position, said button being moved to said on position when said stop member is moved out of engagement with said projection by said crank means.

3. In a cinematographic apparatus, in combination, a shaft rotatably mounted on the apparatus for turmng movement about its axis; a crank pivotally connected to said shaft for turning movement, about an axis normal to said shaft axis, between an inoperative position and an operative position; a control ring located about said shaft and being mounted on the apparatus for independent turning movement about said shaft axis; and releasable connecting means for automatically connecting said control ring to said shaft for turning movement therewith when said crank is located between said operative and inoperative positions thereof.

4. In a cinematographic apparatus, in combination, a shaft mounted on the apparatus for turning movement about its axis, said shaft having an end portion of a noncircular cross-section and being formed in said end portion thereof with a pair of opposite grooves located in a plane extending in a direction normal to said shaft axis; a crank pivotally mounted on said end portion of said shaft for turning movement through 180, about a second axis normal to said shaft axis, between inoperative and operative positions, said crank having a pair of opposite side faces one of which is located in said plane when said crank is in said inoperative position thereof and the other of which is located in said plane when said crank is in said operative position thereof, said crank having an end face forming a corner with said one crank side face; a control ring located about said shaft adjacent said end portion thereof and being mounted on the apparatus for independent turning movement about said shaft axis, said ring being formed with at least one groove normal to said shaft axis; a resilient plate formed with a non-circular aperture corresponding in shape to the shape of said non-circular end portion of said shaft supported on said ring and resiliently pressing against said crank with said end portion of said shaft extending through said aperture of said plate, the latter having a portion thereof located in said groove of said ring so that said ring and plate turn together, whereby, when said crank is in said operative or inoperative position thereof, said aperture in said plate is located in the plane of said grooves to permit said shaft to turn while said ring and plate remain stationary, said plate extending into said grooves during the turning of said shaft, and whereby, when said crank is turned to an intermediate position between said operative and inoperative positions thereof, said corner of said crank presses said plate out of the plane of said grooves so that said aperture of said plate cooperates with said end portion of said shaft to constrain said plate and ring to turn with said shaft when said crank is in said intermediate position.

5. In a cinematographic apparatus, in combination, a shaft mounted n the apparatus for turning movement about its axis, said shaft having an end portion of a noncircular cross'section and being formed in said end portion thereof with a pair of opposite grooves located in a plane extending in a direction normal to said shaft axis; a crank pivotally mounted on said end portion of said shaft for turning movement through 180', about a second axis normal to said shaft axis. between inoperative and operative positions, said crank having a pair of opposite side faces one of which is located in said plane when said crank is in said inoperative position thereof and the other of which is located in said plane when said crank is in said operative position thereof, said crank having an end face forming a corner with said one crank side face; a control ring located about said shaft adjacent said end portion thereof and being mounted on the apparatus for independent turning movement about said shaft axis, said ring being formed with at least one groove normal to said shaft axis; a resilient plate formed with a non-circular aperture corresponding in shape to the shape of said non-circular end portion of said shaft supported on said ring and resiliently pressing against said crank with said end portion of said shaft extending through said aperture of said plate, the latter having a portion thereof located in said groove of said ring so that said ring and plate turn together, whereby, when said crank is in said operative or inoperative position thereof, said aperture in said plate is located in the plane of said grooves to permit said shaft to turn while said ring and plate remain stationary, said plate extending into said grooves during the turning of said shaft, and whereby, when said crank is turned to an intermediate position between said operative and inoperative positions thereof, said corner of said crank presses said plate out of the plane of said grooves so that said aperture of said plate cooperates with said end portion of said shaft to constrain said plate and ring to turn with said shaft when said crank is in said intermediate position, said plate having a surface thereof confronting said crank and formed with a notch to receive said corner of said crank so as to maintain the latter in said intermediate position thereof.

6. In a cinematographic apparatus as defined in claim 4 and wherein said shaft is provided with a lateral projection and said ring has a surface located distant from said crank and formed with an arcuate groove having said shaft axis as its center; a stationary rod mounted on the apparatus coaxially with said shaft; a gear spaced from said lateral projection of said shaft and being mounted on said rod for rotation thereabout; a first pin fixedly mounted on said lateral projection on said shaft and extending toward said gear; a second pin fixedly mounted on said gear and extending toward said lateral projection; a clutch member loosely mounted on said rod between said gear and lateral projection of said shaft and being of a length greater than the distance between said pins, said clutch member being formed with a first opening facing said gear and receiving said second pin therein, with a second opening facing said lateral projection and being located at the same distance from said shaft axis as said first pin, and with an outer, annular groove extending about said shaft axis; an elongated clutch actuating member extending in a direction substantially parallel to said shaft axis, being located at the same distance therefrom as said arcuate groove, and having a lateral extension located in said annular groove of said clutch member, said actuating member having an end thereof located against said surface of said ring; and spring means operatively connected to said actuating member to urge said end thereof against said surface of said ring, whereby, when said ring is turned, said actuating member moves under the influence of said spring means into said arcuate groove to move said clutch member toward said first pin so that when said shaft is turned said first pin will enter said second opening of sgidf clutch member to interconnect said gear with said s a t.

7. Apparatus for optional manual operation of a cinematographic arrangement having a power means for operating the same, comprising in combination, a shaft rotatably mounted on the apparatus; a crank connected to said shaft to rotate the same manually; control means operatively connected to said shaft for interconnecting the same with parts of the apparatus driven by the power means, said control means comprising an actuating member turnably mounted on the apparatus for actuating said control means; a cam fixed to said actuating member for turning movement therewith; clutch means mounted on the apparatus for interconnecting the power means with and disconnecting the power means from the parts of the apparatus to be driven thereby when said clutch means is respectively engaged and disengaged; and lever means associated with said cam and clutch means for disengaging the latter to disconnect the power means from the apparatus upon turning of said actuating member so as to disconnect said power means simultaneously with the connection of said shaft with said parts of the apparatus.

8. In a cinematographic apparatus a support; a shaft mounted on said support for turning movement about 9 10 memlllaer mounted on said ring for rotation therewith References Cited in the file of this patent and aving a central portion formed with a non-circular aperture corresponding in shape to said end of said shaft UNITED STATES PATENTS and through which the latter extends, said aperture hav- 1,498,300 Ryder June 17, 1924 ing the smallest dimension thereof of a larger size than 5 1,865,022 Larson June 28, 1932 the largest dimension of said shaft in the cross-section 2,096,251 Knight et a1. Oct. 19, 1937 thereof locatled bectlween sad grooves so that when said 2,592,374 Ball et a1. Apr. 8, 1952 aperture is ocate in sai plane said shaft may turn independently of said ring and plate and when said aper- FOREIGN PATENTS ture is located out of said plane said shaft, ring and plate 10 324,780 Great Britain Feb. 6, 1930 turn together. 

